What is EFT testing?
EFT testing is an immunity standard used to test how electrical and electronic devices operate under interference. In a circuit, switching transients (to cut off inductive load, relay contact bounce, etc.) usually interferes with other electrical and electronic equipment in the same circuit. The characteristics of this type of interference are high amplitude, short rise-time, high repetition rate and low energy. The narrow pulses appeared in groups can charge the capacitance of the semiconductor device, which may cause circuit or device errors when accumulated to a certain extent. The purpose of the EFT testing is to ensure that the device can withstand these sudden voltage changes without malfunctioning or damaging.
EFT testing comes under one of the common EMC (electromagnetic compatibility) tests, which is performed according to IEC/EN 61000-4-2 and the test level is performed by relevant product standard.
IEC 61000-4-2 standard requirements
IEC/EN 61000-4-4 is a standard that specifies the test waveforms, test levels, test set-up and test procedures.
EFT test set-up consists of the following:
- EUT (equipment under test)
- GRP (ground reference plane)
- EFT generator
- CDN (coupling/decoupling network)
- Insulating support
- Connection cables, testing wires
- Grounding cabling
For testing AC/DC supply ports, a coupling/decoupling network is required. And for signal, control, data, I/O ports, a capacitive coupling clamp is needed. The mina purpose of the clamp is coupling the EFT/burst interference to the I/O data signal line of the EUT.
The preferred test levels for the EFT test, applicable to power, control, signal and earth ports are given as below.
| EFT (Electrical Fast Transient)@ 5 or 100 kHz | ||
| Level | Power ports, Earth port (PE) in kV | Signal and control ports in kV |
| 1 | 0.5 | 0.25 |
| 2 | 1 | 0.5 |
| 3 | 2 | 1 |
| 4 | 4 | 2 |
| X | Special | Special |
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